Hollow tile



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HULLUW TILE. APPMCATION FILED SEPT. 8 15H8.

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To all cham it 'may concern:

Y Be it4 known that I, RICHARD S. REQUA, a

,citizenfofj the United Stated-"residing at San Die 0,-inthe county of San Diego and State` f o.' alifornia,- have' "invented certain n ew anduseful'lmprovements in Hollow Tile, ofwhich vthe following isa specification.

This invention relates" to an improvement in interlocking hollow building tile or block,

constructed'in a "single unit form, with'the posed'that suchl single unit may be quickly l class itis of' course `well known that the maand readily divided to produce any special form of tile required in abuilding construe#V tion. Y

In constructing buildings of tile of this 'ority of tile usedwillfollow a single form, ut it is also well known that many tile of a form other'than the. general form will ynot only be requir'd, but absolutely necessary. Heretofore tile manufacturershave met this demand by making a tile. of general' form, and alsofma'king special form tile required, each as a separate --tile structure.

S far as l am aware it has never been suggested that asingle tile unit could be so constructed as vto answer all requirements in its original form .asa general building tile, and yet have its interior web arrangement -ffo designed that `it could, when properl d1- 'v1ued, produce 4any special type of tie in complete form, that mlght be, or is, required in the buildingv construction.

This is the object of the present invention,

namely,.to produce' a single tile unit having all'the essential requirements of. a general 'building tile of the best accepted type, and yet so constructedin its inherent `details that it ina beI easily divided to produce any spein .the building cial v orIn of t-ile'req'uired construction.

` The advanta esI of such a tile will at once be apparent. *irst, the tile manufacturer is saved the expense of the many dies and equipment required to producel the many special forms, and he isnot required tocarry the large stocks of the special tile in .order that he may promptly fill his orders, thereby making it possible to supply the tile muchmore cheaply to the builders. Second,'the contractorswork ofestimating vand ordering is greatly simplified and he` does not have to allow in his estimates for quantities' ofthe special forms whichhe is compelled t0 order to provide for contingencies,` and Patented May 2,5, 1920.

whichmayfbe left -onV his hands when the building is completed. This is always quite an item, especially when` the distance fis' great between the source of su ply and the' ca lity of the building. Thil` the `work of the tile mason is greatly simplified and consequently cheapened, as with`-a suppl of the tile of general form always at han he" ,l can quickly produce an of the special forms he may require by divi ing such general tile.- partsthereof so arranged and relatively dis The type of tile of general formcommercially desired is an interlocking tile, Where onesect1on ofone tile interits with a section of another. `Such tile is hollow, and has heretofore been sup lied with interior strengthening Webs. t is primaril in the dlsposition of these webs that the advantage f the present tile is gained, as 'by this in-L lar` web, such web completes an external wall of a new form. Nojw with a knowledge of the various types of special tile required, in

a building structure, suchwebs may `bedisposed to permit dividing the tile.unit with l such relation to one or more of such webs, that any of the desired special forms may be,

produced.

In the drawings :--v Figure 1 `is an end elevation of the improved hollow tile.

Fig. 2 is a Jfront elevation of the same.

illustrating some of the special forms respecial -forms may lloe constructed from the improved vtile by a simple and proper dividin of such tile. y

4igs. 8, I9, and 10 reoresentvertical sec- Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are sectional views quired in a building construction, and 'which tional views of simple walls of' diierent standard thicknesses, as eight, thirteen, and

seventeen inches, respectively, certain of the special forms being used.

Figs. 11, 12, and 13, indicate respective sectional views of the head, jarnb, and sill construction of a double-hung window, illustrating the use of special forms made from the general tileunit of this invention.

IFig'lt is a perspective view of a cornerv construction, using a special form of tile.

Fig., 15 is a sectional view of a brick sill window, illustrating the use of another special form` of tile.

.Figa 16 is a sectional view, yshowing an-y 5.0 f lfmason is always del\yed, lby* the ydelivery whiche is working of the l ,'speci-al form 'of\tile. \There'isin this spe` 1 Acial form tile ait even\'.more seriousfobjecf .55

I i'otliei'*specialAform of tile-used `in building bri'ck-veneered'walls; Y

-have been proposed, each having certain stood however that a building'tile to be specific characteristics` Itl iswell. underl commercially valuable has jto lend itself to i are of the interlocking' type, and have theirw 'the contemplated building operation with the minimum of labor'. `and-expense, as, well as' possessing inherent characteristics of strength, weight, and insulating property.

The best-tile as commercially accepted voidsto extend horizontally of the wall to avoid the. well-known and' objectionable circulation incidental to vertical voids.

vrllhe best commercially successful hollow tile may and-do possess the inherent qualifications' noted,'but they lack an important characteristic which renders their use much44 more costly Ain building operations than is now known to be, necessary. vThis important' detail'lacking in the best known hollow tile in commercial ,-use, is that whileeach such tilel unit is--complete in itself, it is only adapted )forense as such complete unit, orv at leastat bestin' onefor twol divisions thereof. This necessitates 'the making up :to thepjoint at of what is known as special formvtile, for the many building'details where the main unit tile could not be used. Therefore in l building structures with such tile, the tile 'f manufacturers are called upon for the necy f essary` number of each specialform of tile,

requiring special tile makingon his part,

i andil serious delay andrinconvenience to the builder if all such special tile formsare notiatgghand when wanted. ,Frequently ,ai f manufacturer willnot have in hand the desired nui'nber of special forms to '.fill the tionthat the tile mason', unless he is familiar with such special\-l forms, is fre.-'

quently at a loss as to how fto "build them in, and many manufacturers rcognizing..

this' diii'iculty maintain experts w` ose duty itis to instruct the tile masons on' the parl ticularwork as tothe use and applications vof the, special formsL- All\of 4these ob'jecf' tions are ac onstant, andheretofore unavbidable, source o-f expenseto the\manufacturer and builder,l andI they are entiregy avoided Sfand'll of the intermediate section.

l -The three voids, in the front and rear sec- .through the use or the improved tile forinlng the subject matter of this application, the fundamental essential of which is that the tile constructed with all the desirable specialfoims which lie may require as his' work proceeds; and las the tile mason forms 'the specialvunits" from the'maiir unit lie of i course understands their 'application and `building in. The tile unity illustratedin Figs. l andv 2'of the drawings is so far as known the onlyx form of unitwhich will answer the re rquirements noted, and therefore while this' application is constructively limited to such form, the. invention is necessarily broader "than the particular formdiere involved, as

the claims will clearly indicate.

In Fig. l, which ris an end elevation of the tile it will be noted that the tile comprisesA essentially substantially duplicate front and rear sections, and -an intermedithe front and iear sections. '-The, ront and ate comparatively narrowr section joining rear sections'so-called each in'clufdes three i horizontalv voids, substantially equal in area, while theintermed-iate sectioii'.lias two voids equal lin height, butof less width than the :other voids. To vform ther interlocking feature the fio'ntand rear sections are'verticall"ofset the .distance of o'nefvoid,"so

lthatv he voidsjof theintermediate section, aline respectively withl an end and an in-,V ytermediate void :of theJ front andlrear secparticular prder, and. hence delay occursn ,i Furthermore, `an Ainsuiiicient 'numberv of: ispeci'alrforms, o tile may be delivered, -in- I`fdcidentto the` \liability of such to breakage 1in transporthtion and delivery. The tile tions.' f Specifically, outer wall involving theface walls, 1, 2,

6, 9, 12, andfl. of the other section, rear or Ifront and also the upper or lower face walls tions and the two voids of the intermediate the tile-'thus formed' 'has an d.

section require for their formatiomfl internal l i webs, and'it is `inthe relative' disposition of thesewebs: that, t he important feature of the invention-'resides, vSuch webs 13 'and 22 in an outer section, front or rear, are respectively arranged-in direct alinement withy and'form an exact continuation of-an outer .Wall of tlietile unit,as 9.. and 8, and an in- I ternal` web of the intermediate and remain ing outer section, `front or rear, as 14 or 15. T)lie remaining intermediate web 23 of the remaining outer section'is in direct alinetherefore interior vertical webs of the tile unit, and asshown are respectively in aliney nient with and form direct continuations of Primarily, however,

those wall portions of the outer sections of the unit which form parts of the outer wall of the unit, as 17 and 16.

The structural feature'of supreme importance involved in the disclosure above is the fact that each and every interior web, horizontal and vertical, is continued throughout' the dimensions of the tile unit, and with the exception of the central transverse web made'up of the walls 13, 14, and 15, each and every such interior web is infalinement with and forms a, direct continuation of a' normally outer "wall portion of the` tile unit. y v

-4As a result of this it is at once apparent that the tile unit may be divided so that lany interior web may be utilized as an exterior wall of the resultant forni, and that when so divided such exposed interior web forms a continuation of a normally outerwall of the tile unit to thereby maintain the, continuity of the outer wall of such resultant as is absolutely essential. This operation results from dividing the tile along any interior web, exceptV the central web` and the tile unit may be divided in whole or in part to utilize the central web, or a part thereof, as an exterior web for certain special forms.

The external walls of the tile are scored as at 24, and these scorings may be formed to form substantial recesses for-bonding the surface material which is applied to the tile. these scorings arel to """permit convenient dividing of the tile, and

such scorings 24, as well as vertical scorings or lines of weakening, as 2G, are arranged for convenient dividing 'of the tile along thekline of the internal webs, or

'substantially along such lines as vabove referred to.

Some of the special forms of hollow 'tiles required in a building operation involving the tile unit, and into which the improved tile unit may be readily divided, arev indicated at A, B, C',D, and E of the drawings,

and that indicated at C shows one of the special Jforms whereA the central web is used as an outer wall.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show wall structures of different thickness, and' certain special forms, used with the tile unit, as indicated therein; y

The remaining figures of the drawings show the use of the tile unit, in various building uses, with certain special forms,-

as indicated.

What 1s claimed as new, 1s

1. A tile unit comprising a plurality of hollow offset body parts, angularly-ielated webs in such body parts in alinement with and forming direct line continuations of the normally outer wall sectionof anothenbody f part, whereby such unit may be 'dividedalong the line of any web to form such webs as an outer wall of a special form'tile, such division including a normally outer wall of the tile unit. l

2. A tile unit comprising a plurality of hollow body parts offset to provide an interlocking tile, vertical and horizontal internal webs in such body parts forming direct line continuations of the external walls of other body parts, said tile unit being scored to permit division of the tile along all orpart of any internal web.

3. A hollow tile unit having an exterior wall of approximately Z-form and having vertical and horizontal internal webs, each of which forms `a direct line continuation of a` portion of such external wall of the unit, and an additional web wholly internal of the unit and continued as a direct wall structure through one full dimension of the tile unit. y

4. A hollow tile comprising two offset hollow body portions spaced apart, each hollow body portion having a web forming a direct line continuation ofan exposed wall of the other body portion, all webs and walls terminating in a common plane at each end of the block.

I n testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at San Diego California this 11th Iday of September 1918.

. y RICHARD S. REQUA,

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